Animal Nature Study by Various Animal Nature Study by Various    

Lesson 12: Feathers as Ornament

Performer: LibriVox - Claire Schreuder


'The Bragging Peacock' from Among the Farmyard People by Clara Dillingham Pierson

The farmyard people will never forget the coming of the Peacock; or rather they will never forget the first day that he spent with them. He came in the evening after all the fowls had gone to roost, and their four-legged friends were dozing comfortably in meadow and pasture corners, so nobody saw him until the next morning.

You can imagine how surprised they were when a beautiful great fowl of greenish-blue strutted across the yard, holding his head well in the air and dragging his splendid train behind him. The fowls were just starting out for their daily walks, and they stopped and held one foot in the air, and stared and stared and stared. They did not mean to be rude, but they were so very much surprised that they did not think what they were doing. Most of them thought they were asleep and dreaming, and the dream was such a beautiful one that they did not want to move and break it off. They had never seen a Peacock and did not even know that there was such a fowl.

A Lamb by the pasture fence called to his mother. "Ba-baa!" cried he. "One of the cloud-birds is walking in the farmyard." He was thinking of the night of the storm, when all the Sheep and Lambs huddled together in the meadow and watched the clouds, and thought that they were birds and dropped shining worms from their beaks.

Then the Peacock, who understood the Sheep language perfectly, said, "Paon! I am no cloud-bird. I am a Peacock." He said this in a very haughty way, as though to be a Peacock were the grandest thing in the world, far better than having one's home in the sky and bringing showers to refresh the thirsty earth-people.

The Turkey Gobbler never could stand it to have others speak in that way when he was around, so he thought he would show the newcomer how important he was. He drew up his neck and puffed out his chest; he pulled his skin muscles by thinking about them, and that made his feathers stand on end; next he dropped his wings until their tips touched the ground; then he slowly spread his tail. "Pffff!" said he. "I am no Peacock. I am a Turkey Gobbler."

The Hen Turkeys looked at each other with much pride. They were a little afraid of him themselves, but they liked to have him show the newcomer that Turkeys are important people. Their children looked at each other and murmured, "Isn't the Gobbler fine though? Guess the Peacock will wish now that he hadn't put on airs."

But the Peacock did not seem to feel at all sorry. He stood and looked at them all without saying a word, and they all wondered what he was thinking. Then a Duckling who stood near him exclaimed, "Look at his train! Oh, look at his train!" Everybody looked and saw all those beautiful long feathers rising into the air. Up and up they went, and spreading as they rose, until there was a wonderful great circle of them back of his body and reaching far above his head. The Gobbler's spread tail looked as small beside this as a Dove's egg would beside that of a Goose.

"Paon!" said the Peacock. "I am no Turkey Gobbler. I am a Peacock."

"Pffff!" said the Gobbler. Then he turned to the Hen Turkeys. "My dears," he said, "I think it is time that we walked along. The children should not be allowed to see and speak with any stray fowl that comes along. We cannot be too particular about that." Then he stalked off, with the meek Hen Turkeys following and the children lagging behind. They did so want to stay and see the Peacock, and they thought the Ducklings and Goslings were much luckier than they.

The Geese were delighted with the newcomer, and hoped he would be quite friendly with them. They wished he were a swimmer, but of course they could tell with one look that he was not. He did not have the trim, boat-shaped body that swimmers have, and then, his feet were not webbed. The Gander noticed that they were remarkably homely feet. He thought he would remember this and speak of it to the Geese some time when they were praising the Peacock's train.

The Drake was the first to speak politely to the Peacock. "We are glad to meet you, sir," he said. "Will you be with us long?"

"Thank you," answered the Peacock. "I have come to stay."

"We hope you will like it here. I'm sorry to see you do not swim. We should be very glad of your company if you did. You will excuse us if we go on to the brook. We are late already." He and all of his family waddled away to the water. "A fine-looking fellow," said he heartily. "Even my cousins, the Mallard Ducks, have not such a beautiful sheen on their neck feathers." The Drake was a kind, warm-hearted fellow, and it never troubled him to know that other people were handsomer than he.

The Geese were eager to reach the water, too, but they could not leave without asking one question. First they told the Gander to ask it, but he replied that if they wanted to know, they should ask it for themselves. Then they hung back and said to each other, "You ask him. I can't." At last the Gray Goose stepped forward, saying, "Excuse us, sir. You said that you were to stay with us, and we wish to know if you work for your living."

"I work!" cried he. "Paon! Never. The farmer invited me here to be beautiful, that is all."

"We are so glad," cackled the Geese, and the Gander joined with them. "So many of the people here work. They are very good, but not at all genteel, you understand."

"And don't you do anything?" asked the Peacock. "I thought Geese grew feathers for beds and pillows. It seems to me you look rather ragged. Haven't you been plucked?"

This was very embarrassing to the Geese. "Why, yes," they said, "we do let the farmer's wife have some feathers once in a while, when the weather is warm, but that is very different from really working, you know."

"Perhaps," said the Peacock. "If they want any of my feathers, they can wait until I moult. Then you will see how much they think of me, for whenever they find one of my train feathers (not tail, if you please; every bird has a tail, but I have a train) they carry it carefully into the house to be made into a duster for the parlor. I never give away any but my cast-off plumage. I am so very, very beautiful that I do not have to work."

This impressed the Geese very much. "We are glad to know you. Quite honored, we assure you!"

The Peacock bowed his crested head, and they bowed their uncrested and very silly ones, and then they went to the river. The Peacock thought them most agreeable, because they admired him, and they thought him the best sort of acquaintance, because he didn't work. It was all very foolish, but there are always foolish people in the world, you know, and it is much better to be amused by it and a little sorry for them, than for us to lose our tempers and become cross about it. That was the way the Shanghais, Black Spanish, Dorking, and Bantam fowls felt. They were polite enough to the newcomer, but they did not run after him. The Chickens used to laugh when the Peacock uttered his cry of "Paon! Paon!" His voice was harsh and disagreeable, and it did seem so funny to hear such dreadful sounds coming from such a lovely throat.

The Black Spanish Cock reproved the Chickens sharply for this. "It is very rude," said he, "to laugh at people for things they cannot help. How would you like to have a Lamb follow you around and bleat, 'Look at that Chicken! He has only two legs! Hello, little two-legs; how can you walk?' It is just as bad for you to laugh at his harsh voice, because he cannot help it. If he should say foolish and silly things, you might laugh, because he could help that if he tried. Don't ever again let me hear you laughing when he is just saying 'Paon.'"

The Chickens minded the Black Spanish Cock, for they knew he was right and that he did not do rude things himself. They remembered everything he said, too.

One day the Peacock was standing on the fence alone. He did this most of the time. He usually stood with his back to the farmyard, so that people who passed could see his train but not his feet. A party of young fowls of all families came along. Their mothers had let them go off by themselves, and they stopped to look at the Peacock.

"I do think you have the most beautiful tail, sir," said a Duckling, giving her own little pointed one a sideways shake as she spoke.

"Please call it my train," said the Peacock. "It is beautiful and I am very proud of it. Not every fowl can grow such a train as that."

"Oh, dear, no!" giggled a jolly little Bantam Chicken. "I'd grow one in a minute if I could."

This made all the other young fowls laugh, for they thought how funny the little brown Bantam would look dragging around a great mass of feathers like that.

The Peacock did not even smile. He never understood a joke anyway. He was always so busy thinking about himself that he couldn't see the point. Now he cleared his throat and spoke to the Bantam Chicken.

"I hope you don't think that I grew my train in a minute," said he. "It took me a long, long time, although I kept all the feathers going at once."

"Look at his crest!" exclaimed one young Turkey in his piping voice.

The Peacock turned his head so that they could see it more plainly. "That is a crest to be proud of," he said. "I have never seen a finer one myself. Have you noticed the beauty of my neck?"

"Charming!" "Wonderful!" "Beautiful!" exclaimed the young fowls. Just then one of the spoiled Dove children flew down from the barn roof and sat beside the Peacock.

"What homely feet you have!" this Squab exclaimed. "Are you not dreadfully ashamed of them?"

The young fowls thought this rude. Not one of them would have said it. The Peacock became very angry. "I know my feet are not so handsome as they might be," he said, "but that is no reason why I should be ashamed of them. I couldn't help having that kind of feet. They run in my family. I don't feel ashamed of things I can't help."

The young fowls felt so uncomfortable after this that they walked away, and the Squab flew back to the Dove-cote. For a time nobody spoke. Then a Gosling, who had heard her mother talk about the Peacock, said, "I should think he would be proud of his train, and his crest, and his neck, and—and everything!"

"Everything except his feet," giggled the Bantam Chicken, "and you know he couldn't help having them."

"I wonder if he could help having his train, and his crest, and his neck, and—and everything?" said a young Turkey.

They all stopped where they were. "We never thought of that!" they cried. "We never thought of that!"

"Let's go ask the Blind Horse," said a Duckling. "He is a good friend of mine, and he knows almost everything."

They stalked and waddled over to the Blind Horse, and the Duckling told him what was puzzling them. The Blind Horse laughed very heartily. "So the Peacock is proud of having grown such a fine train and crest, but he isn't ashamed of his homely feet, because he couldn't help having those! There is no reason for either pride or shame with the Peacock. He has just such a body as was given him, and he couldn't make one feather grow differently if he tried."

"I don't see what anybody can be proud of, then," said a Gosling sadly; for, you see, she wanted to be proud of everything.

"Be proud of what you have done yourself," said the Blind Horse gently. "Be proud of keeping clean, or of telling the truth, or of speaking pleasantly when things go wrong. There are plenty of chances to be proud in a good way, if one must be proud."

    Animal Nature Study by Various Animal Nature Study by Various    

Lesson 12: Feathers as Ornament

Performer: LibriVox - Claire Schreuder

Directions

Study the lesson for one week.

Over the week:

  • Read the story.
  • Review the animal synopsis.
  • Study the vocabulary words.
  • Learn the concepts.
  • Complete the enrichment activities.
  • Study the review questions.

Synopsis

In the bird world, oftentimes male birds are brightly colored while their female counterparts are drab. Why is this? Male birds are brightly colored to attract their female mates. Some male birds can be show-offs," spreading their tail to the fullest extent and shifting it this way and that to show the exquisite play of colors over the feathers in the sunlight. Male peacocks, in particular, create gorgeous displays of blue, green, and purple plumage. Female birds are often drab colored to blend in with their habitats, especially their hidden nests, to cover and camouflage their eggs and nestlings. Muted colors help female birds and their babies evade the sharp eyes of hungry, high-soaring predators such as hawks.

Vocabulary

Ornament: A thing used to make something look more attractive but usually having no practical purpose.
Drab: Lacking brightness or interest; drearily dull.
Mate: Each of a pair of birds or other animals.
Camouflage: An animal's natural coloring or form that enables it to blend in with its surroundings.
Plumage: A bird's feathers collectively.
Peafowl: A large crested pheasant native to Asia.
Peacock: A male peafowl.
Peahen: A female peafowl.
Peachick: A young peafowl.

Concepts

The color and shape of feathers make some birds more beautiful; while in others, the color of the feathers protects them being spotted by their enemies.

Examine the pictures of male (left) and female (right) birds and compare their plumage:

  1. Male Rooster and Female Hen
  2. Male and Female Cardinals
  3. Male and Female Ducks

Enrichment

Activity 1: Narrate the Story

  • After reading or listening to the story, narrate the story events aloud using your own words.

Activity 2: Watch a Video of a Peacock

Observe the peacock shaking his feathers in the video, and answer the following questions.

  • Describe the bird's appearance (what does it look like)?
  • Describe the bird's behavior (what does it do)?
  • Describe the bird's habitat (where does it live)?
  • Describe the bird's feathers on its tail, back, head, neck, and chest.
  • What do the spots on the peacock's feathers look like?
  • Why does the peacock spread out its feathers and shake them?

Activity 3: Classify the Animal

  • Birds are animals and vertebrates.
  • Trace which categories birds fit into on the classification chart.

Activity 4: Identify Males and Females

For each pair of birds, identify which bird is male and which is female:

  • Peafowl
  • Goldfinches
  • Scarlet Tanagers
  • Turkeys

Activity 5: Act Out the Lesson

Act out the role of color in shielding a peachick from being spotted by a hawk.

  • The peachick holds a piece of paper the same color as the floor/ground over their head (green, brown, gray, etc.), crawls around, and pretends to search for food.
  • The hawk soars around the peachick, but cannot see it.
  • The peachick holds a bright red, orange, or yellow piece of paper over their head, crawls around, and pretends to search for food.
  • The hawk soars around the peachick, spots its bright colors, and swoops down to carry it off.

Activity 6: Read a Poem About a Peacock

Read 'The Peacock' by Robert Greene (1560).

  • The bird of Juno glories in his plumes;
  • Pride makes the fowl to preen his feathers so.
  • His spotted train fetched from old Argus' head,
  • With golden rays like to the brightest sun,
  • Inserteth self-love in the silly bird;
  • Till midst its hot and glorious fumes
  • He spies his feet and then lets fall his plumes.

Note: Argus is a figure from Greek mythology who had many eyes on his head, like the many 'eyes' of the peacock feather. See below the bald, many-eyed head of Argus in the painting, 'Mercury, Argus and Io,' by Abraham Bloemaert.

Activity 7: Draw and Label a Peacock Feather   

  • Click the crayon above. Using the image of a peacock feather as a guide, complete page 27 of 'Science Field Book for Second Grade.'

Activity 8: Take a Nature Walk

Take a nature walk, locate a bird to observe, gather data and notes, and use that information to create a field book entry. If possible, seek out a bird with pretty plumage. You may wish to take a pencil and a small notebook to jot down sketches and observations.

Before you take the nature walk, review:

  • The field book template you'll later complete on page 28 of 'Science Field Book for Second Grade.'
  • The suggested list of observations below.

Behavioral observations include:

  • Which noises does the bird make? Does it chirp, call, or sing?
  • How does the bird move?
  • How does the bird eat?
  • What does the bird eat?
  • How does the bird clean itself?

Habitat observations include:

  • In what type of climate does the bird live (e.g. temperate, tropical, arid, arctic)?
  • In what type of house does the bird live?

Appearance observations include:

  • What feathers does the bird wear?
  • What colors are the feathers?
  • Are the feathers especially bright colored or drab colored?
  • Would it be hard for a predator to spot the bird, based on its color?
  • From the feather colors, do you guess the bird is male or female?
  • What colors are the beak and feet?

Activity 9: Complete a Field Book Entry   

  • Click the crayon above. After your nature walk, complete page 28 of 'Science Field Book for Second Grade.'

Review

Question 1

Which has brighter and larger tail feathers - the hen or the rooster?
1 / 6

Answer 1

The rooster has brighter and larger tail feathers.
1 / 6

Question 2

Which has brighter feathers - the male cardinal or the female cardinal?
2 / 6

Answer 2

The male cardinal has brighter feathers.
2 / 6

Question 3

Why might a peacock shake its tail feathers?
3 / 6

Answer 3

The peacock often shakes its tail feathers to attract a peahen.
3 / 6

Question 4

Why do many male birds have bright feathers?
4 / 6

Answer 4

Male birds are brightly colored to attract their female mates.
4 / 6

Question 5

Why do many female birds have drab colored feathers?
5 / 6

Answer 5

Female birds are often drab colored to blend in with their habitats, especially their hidden nests, so they can cover and camouflage their eggs and nestlings from predators.
5 / 6

Question 6

How are the Greek mythology figure Argus and the male peacock similar in appearance?
6 / 6

Answer 6

Both Argus and the male peacock have many eyes. Argus had many eyes embedded on his head. Peacocks have many eye-shaped features on their tails.
6 / 6

  1. Which has brighter and larger tail feathers - the hen or the rooster? The rooster has brighter and larger tail feathers.
  2. Which has brighter feathers - the male cardinal or the female cardinal? The male cardinal has brighter feathers.
  3. Why might a peacock shake its tail feathers? The peacock often shakes its tail feathers to attract a peahen.
  4. Why do many male birds have bright feathers? Male birds are brightly colored to attract their female mates.
  5. Why do many female birds have drab colored feathers? Female birds are often drab colored to blend in with their habitats, especially their hidden nests, so they can cover and camouflage their eggs and nestlings from predators.
  6. How are the Greek mythology figure Argus and the male peacock similar in appearance? Both Argus and the male peacock have many eyes. Argus had many eyes embedded on his head. Peacocks have many eye-shaped features on their tails.

References

  1. Comstock, Anna Botsford. Handbook of nature-study (Twenty-fourth edition). Ithaca, New York Comstock Publishing Company, Inc, 1911.
  2. 'Peacock Recording by by Caroline Ford (CC BY-3.0).' Soundbible. soundbible.com/1430-Peacock.html. n.p.